Equus Capital
Analysis
Precious metals
Metals · Selling
Selling gold in Valencia without underselling it
How to know the real price, who pays what, and which papers and taxes apply.
Metals · Saving
Buying gold every month: how it works and a real case
Monthly purchases, what they cost and the real case of €200 a month since 2023.
Metals · Inheritance
Inheriting physical gold: tax, valuation and sale
How it is valued, what is declared for Inheritance Tax and what happens for income tax when you sell.
Metals · Scams
Offered a gold investment? How to tell if it's a scam
Signs that a gold offer is a con, what to check before paying and which steps to take if you have already sent the money.
Metals
Gold purchase contract in Spain: what to check first
Who signs, exactly what you are buying, what the price covers, who you pay, where your gold is kept and how you get out. A checklist for gold purchase contracts in Spain.
Metals · Certification
How investment-grade physical gold is certified
999.9 purity, the LBMA Good Delivery stamp, the certificate and traceability to buy authentic gold held in your name.
Metals · Silver
Investing in physical silver: a complete guide
Formats, the 21% VAT, the gold/silver ratio, custody and when it makes sense.
Metals · Market
The price of gold: why it rises and how it is set
What the spot price is, what moves it and the premium you overpay when buying physical.
Metals · Taxation
Investment gold and VAT: why it is exempt
Investment gold carries no VAT in Spain; silver does. What counts as investment gold and why.
Metals · Formats
Gold bars or coins: which is better to buy
Premium, liquidity, divisibility and security: which fits best depending on how much you invest.
Metals
Is the gold you buy yours if the company goes bust?
Allocated or unallocated gold, deposit and insolvency in Spain: when gold held by a company is really yours and what evidence proves it.
Metals · Custody
Where to store physical gold safely
Home safe, safe deposit box or professional custody: advantages, risks and insurance.
Metals · Tax
I keep gold at home in Spain: do I have to declare it?
Gold kept at home is not declared on your Spanish income tax return. The gain is taxed when you sell. When it counts for wealth tax, what about gold abroad, and which papers to keep.
Metals · Capital gain
How to work out the real capital gain on your gold
The rise in the gold price is not your gain. How to work out the real capital gain on your gold: what you paid, what you receive, tax and inflation.
Metals · Taxation
How much you pay when selling gold
Gold is bought without VAT, but selling it at a profit is taxed under personal income tax (IRPF).
Practical guide
How to buy physical gold in Spain without making mistakes: 2026 guide
Formats, taxation, certification, storage and the five most common mistakes of the retail investor.
Thesis
Why gold protects against inflation
The historical behaviour of gold against inflationary periods and monetary debasement.
Inheritance
Ending co-ownership of an inherited flat in Spain: taxes
When one heir keeps the flat and pays the others: how it is done, the taxes involved and what happens if there is no agreement.
Inheritance · Inheritance tax
Can't afford inheritance tax in Spain? Your options
You have inherited but have no cash to pay the tax. The options in the Valencia region, the deadlines that apply and the mistakes to avoid.
Inheritance · Deadlines
Parent died years ago, inheritance never done: what now
The inheritance does not expire, but Spanish inheritance tax had a deadline. What is time-barred, what surcharge applies if not, and why the deed is still needed.
Inheritance · Inheritance tax
Missed the inheritance tax deadline in Valencia?
You have missed the six-month deadline for inheritance tax in Spain. What surcharge you pay, why you keep the 99% allowance if you move first, and what to do today.
Inheritance · Co-ownership
My brother won't sell the inherited flat: what can I do?
Your brother will not sell the flat you inherited. What you can do, from least to most conflict: negotiate, sell your share, divide the estate or go to court.
Inheritance · Deadlocks
An heir won't sign the inheritance: how to unblock it
One heir won't sign or won't answer and the estate is stuck. The 30-day notarial demand, the court or notary appointed partitioner, and how not to miss the tax deadline.
Inheritance
Inheritance costs in Valencia: what you pay and when
Certificates, notary, registry, Inheritance Tax and municipal plusvalía: what you pay, when and who pays it.
Non-residents
NIE to inherit in Spain: how to get it from abroad
Why you need it, where to apply (consulate or Spain), documents, timing and applying through a representative.
Inheritance
Inheriting a mortgaged property in Spain: your options
What happens to the debt, life insurance and the tax, and the four ways out: pay, sell, renounce or accept under inventory.
Comparison
Inheritance with a firm or on your own: which suits you
What you can do yourself, what is worth delegating and when going it alone costs more.
Comparison
Buying gold in Valencia: jeweller, bank or dealer
What changes depending on where you buy: premium over spot, invoice, certificate, custody and buyback.
Metals
Gold bullion coins: Krugerrand, Maple Leaf, Philharmonic
Krugerrand, Maple Leaf, Philharmonic, Britannia and Eagle compared: purity, premium, liquidity and which to pick.
Metals · Purity
Gold carats explained: 24, 18 and 14 and their fineness
What 24, 22, 18, 14 and 9 carats mean, the fineness each one equals, how to read the hallmark and why it matters when you buy or sell.
Metals · Price
The gold premium: what you pay above the market price
The quoted price is not what you pay. What the premium is, what drives it and how to compare two gold or silver offers without fooling yourself.
Metals
Price of a gram of gold: how to work it out for 24k and 18k
From the ounce in dollars to the gram in euros, the difference between 24, 22 and 18 carat, and why cash-for-gold pays less.
Comparison
Physical gold or gold ETF: which suits you in 2026
What you actually buy in each case, taxation, costs, liquidity and counterparty risk. Which one fits your goal.
Metals
Buying gold with cash in Spain: the €1,000 limit and ID
The €1,000 cash limit, when you are asked for ID and why an invoice in your name protects you when you sell.
Comparison
Silver vs gold: which is the better investment in 2026
Structural differences, the gold/silver ratio, liquidity and the investor profile suited to each metal.
Macro
Why central banks are buying gold
An institutional reading of the largest reserve accumulation in five decades and what it signals to the investor.
Real estate investment
Real estate · Inheritance
Selling an inherited flat with a tenant
The lease continues, the tenant has a right of first refusal and the price changes. Your three options.
Investment · Due diligence
Due diligence before buying at auction
Charges, the land registry filing, occupancy and unpaid community and property-tax debts: the review you must do before bidding.
Investment · NPL
How to invest in real estate NPLs in Spain
Where they are bought, how the operation is structured and the due diligence before investing.
Investment · Bank-owned flats
Bank-owned flats: how to buy them at a discount
Where to find them, how to buy them step by step and what to check before signing.
Investment · NPL
Returns on investing in NPLs: what margin to expect
How the return on a defaulted loan is calculated and what the real margin depends on.
Investment · Auctions
Tax-authority auctions: how to buy seized assets
How the tax agency's auctions work, the deposit and what to check beforehand.
Investment · Squatting
How to evict a squatter: legal routes and timelines
Breaking-in vs usurpation, the criminal and civil routes, real timelines and the mistakes that prolong an eviction.
Investment · Auctions
Charges in an auction: the due diligence before bidding
Which charges are cancelled and which survive, the land registry extract and the property-tax and community debts you don't see.
Real estate · Deposit
Deposit contracts (arras) in Spain: types and checks
Withdrawal, confirmatory or penalty deposits: what happens if one side pulls out and what to check before paying a deposit on a flat.
Foreclosure · Auction
My home is going to auction in Spain: what can I do?
A claim from the bank or an auction already announced: what can be done at each stage, until when it can be stopped and what happens to any debt left over.
Investment · Foreclosure
Main home in a Spanish foreclosure: what changes for you
If the flat is the debtor's main home, the award price, the costs and the eviction all change. What to check before buying a loan.
Investment · Auctions
Spanish court auction deposit: how much and getting it back
How much you must deposit to bid, how to lodge it, when it is refunded and in which case you lose it.
Investment · Auctions
How to buy a home at a judicial auction
The process on the BOE portal, the deposit, the bid and the risks to review.
Investment · Occupied assets
Buying an occupied flat: risks and how to act
Why they are cheap, the types of occupancy and the legal routes to recover it.
Comparison
Judicial auctions, auction transfer and NPL: differences and which suits you
The three alternative real estate investment routes explained: capital, timelines, risks and profiles.
Mortgage debt · Funds
A fund has bought my mortgage: what can I negotiate?
Your bank has sold your mortgage to a fund. What really changes, what rights you keep and which ways out you can negotiate, from a discount to handing over the keys.
NPL · Litigious credit redemption
I bought an NPL: can the debtor just pay what I paid?
When a debtor can extinguish an NPL by paying the assignment price (article 1535 of the Spanish Civil Code), what the Supreme Court says and what the buyer recovers.
Auctions · Mortgage enforcement
No bidders at a Spanish auction: the flat and the debt
Nobody bids at the auction. What article 671 of the Spanish Civil Procedure Act says after the 2025 reform, what happens to the debt and why a deal is usually better.
Real estate · Auctions
I won a flat at auction in Spain and it is occupied
You won a flat at auction and it is still occupied. How to ask for possession, what happens with the former owner or a tenant, and what not to do.
Dación en pago · Mortgage · Borrower
Dación en pago in Spain: when it works for both sides
You can hand your home to the bank in Spain to clear the mortgage if the lender agrees. When it has to, what each side gains and which taxes apply.
Real estate · Taxes
Buying a bank-owned flat in Spain: VAT or transfer tax?
The taxes you really pay when buying a bank-owned flat in Valencia: transfer tax or VAT, stamp duty, mortgage, notary, community fees and IBI, with a 150,000 euro example.
Concepts
What is an NPL
How the defaulted-loan market works and why these discounts on face value exist.
How it works
What an auction transfer is and why it can be an investment opportunity
One of the least-known real estate operations and, well structured, one of those with the highest potential margin, with its risks.
Concepts
What a REO and awarded assets are
The property after the auction: how banks manage it and what opportunity it offers the investor.
Inheritance and succession
Inheritance · Paperwork
Spanish certificate of last wills: how to apply and fee
When you can apply, how to do it online, in person or by post, what it costs and what you do with it.
Inheritance · Banks
Bank accounts frozen by an inheritance: how to release the money
The documents the bank asks for, how to pay the funeral and the tax with that money, and how long it takes.
Inheritance · Use of the home
My brother lives in the inherited house rent free
One sibling lives in the inherited house and pays nothing. What you can claim, what you cannot, and how to get out of the situation.
Inheritance · Co-ownership
Heirs who disagree over a property: four ways out
Buying out the share, award with compensation, sale to a third party or court division, with their costs.
Inheritance · Cadastre
The reference value in an inheritance: how to challenge it
How to check it, when it works against you and what to do if it exceeds the real value of the home.
Inheritance · Wills
The will: types, cost and why it is worth making one
Open, closed or holographic, what a notary charges and why it saves heirs conflict and tax.
Inheritance · Non-residents
Inheritance for non-residents in the Valencian Community
Form 650, the 6-month deadline, the tax representative and double taxation for heirs abroad.
Inheritance · Fees
How much does a lawyer charge for an inheritance?
What the price depends on, the fee models and the option of paying out of the inheritance itself.
Succession · Family business
Succession planning for the family business
The 95% reduction, the family protocol and a structure to pass on the business without breaking it.
Taxation · Gifts
Gift Tax in the Valencian Community
Reliefs for relatives, how it is calculated and the income-tax trap when making a gift.
Inheritance · Debts
Inheriting debts: accepting under benefit of inventory
If the estate has debts, how to accept it without risking your personal wealth. Timelines and steps.
Succession law
The surviving spouse's usufruct in an inheritance
What the surviving spouse is entitled to even when there are children, bare ownership and how the usufruct is commuted.
Inheritance · Intestate
Inheritance without a will: the declaration of heirs
When there is no will, the law decides who inherits. Legal order, steps and timelines.
Inheritance · Property
Selling an inherited home in Valencia
Inheritance tax, municipal capital gains tax and income tax: the taxes on selling and how to reduce them.
Inheritance · Timelines
How long does it take to receive an inheritance?
Phases, real timelines and what delays or speeds up the distribution of an estate.
Taxation · Gifts
Gifting during your lifetime or leaving an inheritance
How each option is taxed in the Valencian Community and the income-tax trap.
Inheritance · Taxes
Municipal capital gains tax in an inheritance
What it is, how it has been calculated since 2021 and when you don't have to pay it.
Succession law
The forced share and forced heirs
What part of your estate you cannot distribute freely and why.
Inheritance · Waiver
Waiving an inheritance for a sibling: why it costs two taxes
Waiving "so that my sibling keeps it" is not waiving: it is accepting and gifting, with two taxes. How to do it properly.
Legal guide
Accepting or renouncing an inheritance: when each option fits
The three routes under the Civil Code, their definitive effects and the mistakes that compromise personal wealth.
Tax
Inheritance Tax in the Valencian Community: 2026 guide
The 99% Group II relief, calculating the base, household goods and common mistakes in the assessment.
Strategy
How to plan your inheritance during your lifetime
Gifts, wills, life insurance and wealth structures to optimise the transfer.
Mistakes
3 common mistakes when handling an inheritance
What we see repeated in families who come too late, poorly advised or without having taken an inventory.
Traffic and transport
Traffic · ITV
ITV in Spain: how often it is due and what if it lapses
ITV intervals by vehicle type and age, the fine if it lapses, how to take it early without losing days and which formalities you can still do.
Traffic · Fines
How to appeal a Spanish traffic fine, and when to pay
Twenty days to choose between paying at a discount and contesting, one month for an administrative appeal and two months for court. When appealing a fine is worth it and when it is not.
Traffic
Lost your car registration in Spain? How to get a duplicate
Lost or stolen car registration certificate in Spain. How to get a duplicate, what it costs, how long it takes and what happens if you are stopped without it.
Traffic · Points
Lost points on your Spanish licence: how to get them back
How to check your points in Spain, how to get them back with two clean years or a course, and what happens if you run out.
Traffic · Emissions label
Valencia low emission zone: can a car with no label enter?
Which DGT label your car has, whether you must display the sticker and whether you can drive into Valencia without one today. With the rule behind each point.
Traffic · Driving licence
My Spanish driving licence has expired: can I still drive?
You cannot drive on an expired Spanish licence, and the fine is €200. How long the licence lasts, how to renew it without a test and what to do if you are abroad.
Traffic · Driving licences
Exchanging a foreign driving licence in Spain
Six months if your licence is from outside the EU, no limit if it is European and valid. Which countries can exchange, what you need and how it works in Valencia.
Traffic · Gifts
Giving your car to a family member in Spain: tax and DGT
Gifting a car to your child is taxed under Gift Tax, not Transfer Tax, and the person receiving it pays. In Valencia it is usually zero if signed properly. How it works.
Traffic · Address · DGT
Moving house in Spain: update your address with the DGT
When you move in Spain you have 15 days to give Tráfico your new address as a driver and for your car. It is free. What happens if you do not, and how it affects road tax.
Traffic · Driving abroad
International driving permit from Spain: when you need it
What an international driving permit is, which countries ask for it and which do not, how to apply at the DGT in Spain, what it costs and what happens in the USA.
Traffic · Fines
Traffic fines you never receive: Spain's notice board
A fine can become final without you receiving a letter. How the Traffic Office notifies, what the official notice board is and how to check for outstanding fines.
Vehicles · Buying and selling
Notice of sale to the DGT in Spain: how to file it
The filing that protects you from fines and road tax from the day you sell the car: deadline, fee, documents and how to submit it.
Traffic · Car sale
I sold my car and the buyer never transferred it
How the notice of sale protects you and what to do if fines for a car you no longer own are already arriving.
Traffic · Inheritance
Inheriting a car: how to put it in your name
The 90-day deadline, documents, DGT fee and what to do while it is unclear which heir keeps it.
Traffic · Transfers
Bought a car in Spain and can't register it in your name?
You paid for the car and it cannot be transferred because of a retention of title, a seizure or an immobilisation order. What each one is and how to clear it.
Traffic · Car purchase
The DGT vehicle report before buying a used car
Which report to request, how to read charges and the ITV, and what to do if the car has a seizure.
Vehicles
Who pays for a car ownership transfer in Spain
What the buyer pays, what the seller must do, deadlines, buying from a dealer and how to avoid fines.
Traffic · Sale
Transferring a car between private parties
Paperwork, deadlines, transfer tax and who is liable for fines: how to change ownership without surprises.
Traffic · Transport
The transport licence: types and how to obtain it
What each type authorises, the company requirements and the periodic renewal to operate legally.
Vehicles
Importing a car from Germany to Spain step by step
German documents, transport, taxes and registration in Valencia, in the right order.
Vehicles
VAT when importing a car to Spain: new or used, EU or not
New or used, dealer or private, EU or not: when VAT is due in Spain and when it is not.
Vehicles
Moving to Valencia with your car: registration and exemption
When you must register, the registration tax exemption for moving residence, and the documents you need.
Vehicles
Importing a car from the UK to Spain after Brexit
Customs, duty and VAT, type-approval, right-hand drive and British documents for registering in Valencia.
Traffic · Registration
Registering an imported vehicle in Spain
Type approval, import roadworthiness test, registration tax and road tax: the steps and their order to register without errors.
Traffic · Deregistration
Deregistering a vehicle: temporary or permanent
When to choose each, what happens with road tax and insurance, and how to stop being liable for the car.
Traffic · Tachograph
The digital tachograph card: types and renewal
The four types of card, who each is for and how to apply for or renew it in time.
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